There are many other synthetic methods of alkyl glycosides

2021-09-17 16:57:39

The adsorption of surfactants on dirt and the surface of washing articles (from solution) has an important impact on the washing effect. This effect is mainly due to the change of interface and surface properties (such as mechanical, electrical and chemical properties) caused by adsorption.

For liquid oil pollution, the adsorption of surfactant on the oil / water interface mainly leads to the reduction of interfacial tension, which is conducive to the cleaning of oil pollution. The decrease of interfacial tension is also conducive to the formation of larger dispersion of emulsion. At the same time, the interfacial film formed by interfacial adsorption generally has greater strength, and the adsorption membrane may be charged (if adsorbed surface active ions), so the emulsion formed has high stability and is not easy to deposit on the surface of the detergent.

Liposome as drug carrier has a certain degree of targeting and slow-release, which can reduce drug dosage, reduce drug toxicity and improve drug stability. However, liposomes as drug carriers still have some problems, such as low encapsulation efficiency, easy leakage and difficult sterilization. In order to solve these problems, liposomes are often modified with surfactants to obtain new liposomes. Alkyl glycosides have no irritation to human scalp and eyes. The combination of anionic surfactant and anionic surfactant can improve the surface activity. Under the condition of achieving the same shampoo effect, it can reduce the dosage of surfactant and further reduce the irritation. It can be used as the raw material of children's shampoo. Meanwhile, CAPG has obvious foam advantages, and its foam performance is better than that of alcohol ether and AES, AESS and bisexual beet. It has good foam stability and good stability with anionic surfactants. It can be used as the main surfactant for shampoo. At the same time, cationic alkyl glycosides contain polyhydroxy and quaternary ammonium salts, their hydrophilic groups are adsorbed on the hair surface, and the hydrophobic groups are far away from the hair surface and arranged in a directional manner to form a protective film, which eliminates the hair static electricity, gives the hair smooth and luster, and is easy to comb. It is a good conditioner and realizes one dose of multi-function. The formula of quaternary ammonium salt shampoo containing cationic alkyl polyglycoside is shown in the table.

There are many other synthetic methods of alkyl glycosides, such as Koenigs Knorr reaction synthesis and original ester method. Ketal alcoholysis and enzyme catalysis of sugar. These synthetic methods are active by enzyme catalysis, and have also attracted the attention of many researchers at home and abroad. This method has the advantages of good selectivity, mild reaction conditions, high yield and high purity, but the preparation of enzyme has been perplexing researchers. As an industrial production, it needs to be further studied. The research in this field was carried out earlier abroad and there are many relevant reports.

Enzyme catalysis can be divided into free enzyme catalysis and fixed enzyme catalysis [10]. For example, Quanyi [12] immobilized glycosidase by phase crosslinking reaction to form microcapsules, and used this immobilized enzyme to catalyze the synthesis of alkyl glycosides. The results showed that the reaction rate between hexanol, octanol, dodecanol and glucose decreased with the chain length. The reuse test of microcapsule showed that the service life of microcapsule was more than twice that of enzyme embedded by adsorption method.

Alkyl glycosides have high surface activity, good decontamination effect and biodegradability, low irritation to skin and mucosa, low toxicity, good compatibility with other surfactants and strong broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Therefore, they are widely used in detergent, cosmetics, food, biochemistry and other fields.