Alkyl polyglucoside (APG) is a mild surfactant developed in the world since 1990s. These surfactants can be synthesized from renewable plant resources. They not only have broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, but also have the advantages of rapid and complete biodegradation and no pollution to the environment. The effects of APG surfactants on the growth and killing of red tide organisms were discussed in order to lay a foundation for the development of the application of APG surfactants in the control of harmful red tide.

Compared with chemical surfactants, biosurfactants have the advantages of biodegradability, low toxicity and simple production by microbial fermentation. They have a wide application prospect in red tide control. Rhamnolipid biosurfactants produced in the culture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa have strong antibacterial activity.

Alkyl glucosides have the advantages of ordinary nonionic and anionic surfactants: high surface activity, high viscosity, rich foam, fine and stable. It has obvious synergistic effect with other surfactants; It has strong dispersibility to calcium soap and can be used in hard water; Very low irritation to epidermis, mucosa and living cells; It is easy to biodegrade in the natural environment and has less environmental pollution. APG is formed by condensation of starch or its hydrolyzed sugar with fatty alcohol. The source of raw materials is very wide, which has attracted more and more attention in recent years.

Compared with chemical surfactants, biosurfactants have the advantages of biodegradability, low toxicity and simple production by microbial fermentation. They have a wide application prospect in red tide control. Rhamnolipid biosurfactants produced in the culture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa have strong antibacterial activity.

Anionic surfactants such as alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, lignin sulfonate, alkyl thiosuccinate, polyoxyvinyl alkyl aryl sulfonate, etc; Nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyvinyl alkyl ether, polyoxyvinyl alkyl phenyl ether, polyoxyvinyl styryl phenyl ether, polyoxyvinyl alkyl ester, low substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl starch sodium, microcrystalline cellulose, cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone, cross-linked carboxymethyl fiber sodium, effervescent disintegrating agent, etc, Single or two or more surfactants can be mixed.

Organic surfactant used in pesticide formulations can effectively reduce the surface tension of water, reduce the contact angle between liquid and biological targets, increase the spray coverage, promote the rapid absorption of liquid, significantly improve the effective utilization rate of pesticides, reduce the use of pesticides, improve the safety of pesticide use, and have the characteristics of strong resistance to rainwater scouring and infiltration. Its synergistic effect on pesticides is mainly to maintain the effect of pesticides under the condition of reducing the dosage of pesticides, and reduce the residue of pesticides.

The application of surfactants in aquatic pharmaceutical preparations can improve their production process, appearance properties and administration forms, such as stability, clarity, hardness, water solubility, disintegration, solubility, color and taste. In practical application, it can improve the bioavailability of drug preparations, but on the other hand, improper use of surfactants will interact with various components in drug prescriptions and produce physicochemical changes (redox and catalytic hydrolysis), which will affect the stability of drug preparations and even the curative effect. When selecting varieties, it should be studied before application in practice.

The reason why pesticides are accused of being the culprit of environmental safety is that, in addition to the backward level of use technology and the lack of scientific and rational use knowledge, the toxicity and cumulative pollution of various components in pesticide preparations are also very important, resulting in a series of negative problems such as environmental pollution, personnel poisoning, excessive residue and so on.

With the improvement of fishery intensive production, its breeding mode has also changed fundamentally, from the traditional small-scale free range breeding mode to intensive high-density breeding mode. However, there are no rules to follow for the transformation of this mode, and the local successful experience all over the world lacks the possibility of overall transplantation and promotion due to different regional environment, climate and water quality. Therefore, aquaculture has strong technical characteristics of regional aquaculture. Because the growth of aquatic animals is inseparable from the water system, all their activities are completed in the water, so the water body has become its vital survival area.

Although the surfactant itself has no biological activity, it can assist solid or liquid raw materials to disperse quickly, evenly and stably in the spray carrier, ensuring the distribution and attachment of pesticide solution on the surface of organism (plant leaf and worm surface), promoting the absorption of organism by drugs, and even increasing the transmission of drugs in organism. The purpose is to increase the retention amount of pesticides on the plant surface, prolong the retention time and improve the penetration ability to the plant epidermis, so as to improve the biological activity of pesticides, reduce the dosage, and reduce the harm of pesticides to human body and environmental pollution.

Alkyl glucosides have the advantages of ordinary nonionic and anionic surfactants: high surface activity, high viscosity, rich foam, fine and stable. It has obvious synergistic effect with other surfactants; It has strong dispersibility to calcium soap and can be used in hard water; Very low irritation to epidermis, mucosa and living cells; It is easy to biodegrade in the natural environment and has less environmental pollution. APG is formed by condensation of starch or its hydrolyzed sugar with fatty alcohol. The source of raw materials is very wide, which has attracted more and more attention in recent years.

Anionic surfactants such as alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, lignin sulfonate, alkyl thiosuccinate, polyoxyvinyl alkyl aryl sulfonate, etc; Nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyvinyl alkyl ether, polyoxyvinyl alkyl phenyl ether, polyoxyvinyl styryl phenyl ether, polyoxyvinyl alkyl ester, low substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl starch sodium, microcrystalline cellulose, cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone, cross-linked carboxymethyl fiber sodium, effervescent disintegrating agent, etc, Two or more surfactants can be used.

Pesticide is usually prepared into liquid by its pesticide preparation, and then sprayed on crops. The pesticide preparation is made by adding various surfactants on the basis of the original pesticide. In practical application, not only a single adjuvant is used. In order to improve the efficacy, a variety of adjuvants can be used at the same time, but the interaction between all kinds of adjuvants must be paid attention to, so as to prevent the unnecessary photodegradation of pesticides and reduce the efficacy.

Flame retardant is the application of flame retardant technology in real life. It is a special chemical additive used to improve the combustion performance of combustible materials, and is widely used in flame retardant processing of various decoration materials. The material processed by flame retardant can effectively prevent, delay or terminate the spread of flame when attacked by external fire source, so as to achieve the effect of flame retardant.

The dilute solution of surfactant obeys the law of ideal solution. The adsorption capacity of surfactant on the surface of solution increases with the increase of solution concentration. When the concentration reaches or exceeds a certain value, the adsorption capacity does not increase. These excessive surfactant molecules are disordered or exist in a regular way in the solution. Both practice and theory show that they form a complex in solution, which is called micelle.

It is increasingly recognized that the use of flame-retardant materials is one of the strategic measures to prevent and reduce fire. It is a special chemical additive used to improve the combustion performance of flammable materials, which is widely used in the flame-retardant processing of various decoration materials. The material processed by flame retardant can effectively prevent, delay or terminate the spread of flame when attacked by external fire source, so as to achieve the effect of flame retardant.

Biosurfactants meet the requirements of functional food and green food additives, and can be used in functional food. Today and even in the future, biosurfactants will become a widely used food additive.

The common surfactants are coupling agents, higher fatty acids and their salts, unsaturated organic acids and organosilicon. Coupling agent is a common mineral surfactant.

Organic fluorine surfactant is one of the most active surfactants so far. On the one hand, it can reduce the surface tension to a very low value, on the other hand, it has a small amount of surfactant. Its unique properties are summarized as "three high" and "two abomination", namely, high surface activity, high chemical stability and high heat resistance stability; Its fluoroalkyls are hydrophobic to both water and oil. Another excellent performance of organic fluorine surfactant is that it has good mixing performance with hydrocarbon surfactant, and the mixture has higher ability to reduce surface tension. As long as a few organofluorine surfactants are added to the preparation, the performance of the preparation can be improved obviously.

In addition to changing the activity of aqueous solution, that is, reducing its surface tension, various washing related properties, such as penetration, adsorption, wetting, dispersion, emulsification, colloidal solution, foaming, etc., will change significantly near the critical micelle concentration.