Principle of using surfactant as cleaning agent in cleaning liquid

2022-08-15 16:50:11

The application principle of surfactant in water-based metal cleaning agent is to weaken or offset the adhesion of oil on the metal surface through the wetting, penetration, emulsification, dispersion, solubilization and other properties of surfactant, and accelerate the oil to leave the metal surface by mechanical and physical methods and enter the washing liquid to be emulsified, dispersed and suspended or solubilized in micelles.

Inorganic additives such as corrosion inhibitor, cosolvent, foam stabilizer, defoamer and filler shall also be added for water-based metal cleaning.

Formula: nonylphenol polyvinyl chloride (20) ether 80% oleic acid 8% triacetic acid amine 8% boric acid triacetamide 8% acetic acid monobutyl ether 8% silicone defoamer 0.2% water balance diluted to 5% when used note: the above percentages are mass ratios.

A large amount of acid mist will be generated in the pickling process, which not only affects the health of workers, but also pollutes the environment, and also corrodes the plant and equipment. In order to improve the derusting effect of pickling and prevent the over corrosion of acid, surfactant is added to sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid in the pickling solution to suppress the acid mist, accelerate the pickling speed and prevent the occurrence of over corrosion.

Surfactant is used as cleaning agent in the cleaning liquid to reduce the interfacial tension between the cleaning liquid and the dirt. The cleaning liquid can first wet the dirt surface, make the dirt swell, and then penetrate into the dirt to disperse the dirt. If the dirt belongs to oil, the grease will first form a ball and gather on the metal surface, and the surfactant will squeeze in to separate the dirt from the metal surface and move it to the cleaning solution. The originally insoluble oil particles are surrounded by surfactant micelles and "solubilized" in the cleaning solution, and will not be adsorbed to the metal surface. When washing, if there is mechanical force, it will help the dirt to separate from the metal surface and improve the cleaning effect. In addition to the cleaning effect of the above-mentioned cleaning agent, the emulsion prepared by the surfactant also has the similar dissolution principle of the solvent. The presence of the internal oil phase will greatly enhance its dissolution and cleaning effect on the oil stain. The ideal cleaning emulsion generally has the following four characteristics:

(1) The emulsion is stable, and the oil has strong dissolving ability relative to the oil stain;

(2) The oil phase viscosity is low, and it is easy to wash with water;

(3) The oil phase is preferably non-volatile, non-toxic and will not cause pollution during cleaning;

(4) It is easy to break the emulsion for recovery and recycling.